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Hepatitis viruses B and C together cause as many as ____________ percent of the world's liver cancers.


A) 30
B) 50
C) 60
D) 80

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Jen should do all the following before leaving for the hike, EXCEPT:


A) buy or borrow a broad-brimmed hat.
B) consult the forecast for UV index to help determine how sunny it will be.
C) visit a tanning salon to get a light tan to protect her skin.
D) pack a full bottle of sunscreen in her backpack.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A potentially dangerous additive found in processed meats is


A) sulphoraphane.
B) nitrate.
C) sodium chloride.
D) beta-carotene.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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During each hour of 2017, _____ Canadians were expected to die of cancer.


A) 1
B) 5
C) 9
D) 23

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Carcinogens are best described as


A) substances that can cause mutation.
B) substances that increase the growth rate of cells.
C) substances or factors that mutate genes and cause cancer.
D) tumours that invade surrounding tissues.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Allyl sulphides are found in which of the following foods:


A) shallots.
B) berries.
C) red wine.
D) peanuts.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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The travelling and seeding of cancer cells beyond their site of origin is called metastasis.

A) True
B) False

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True

After what age should a stool blood test be a standard annual screening test?


A) 30
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is TRUE about cancer death rates since 1991?


A) Death rates from cancer are declining.
B) Death rates from cancer are increasing.
C) There has been no change in cancer death rates.
D) There is no reliable data available on cancer death rates.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A

Ovarian cancers


A) are relatively rare but have a high death rate.
B) are detectable with PAP tests.
C) decrease in incidence with age.
D) are usually found at an early stage.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Smoking is responsible for about ___________ of ALL cancer deaths.


A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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C

At what age does the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care recommend PAP screening?


A) 15
B) 25
C) 35
D) 45

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Lung cancer is


A) easily detectable in early stages.
B) the most common cause of cancer death in Canada.
C) difficult to cure at any stage.
D) caused only by cigarette smoking.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Smoking is responsible for what percentage of lung cancer?


A) 55%
B) 72%
C) 85%
D) 100%

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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In 2012, ____ million new cases of cancer were diagnosed worldwide.


A) 2.1
B) 8.1
C) 11.1
D) 14.1

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Risk factors for breast cancer include all the following, EXCEPT:


A) genetic factors.
B) diet.
C) hormonal factors.
D) previous injury to the breast.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Sarcomas arise from


A) connective and fibrous tissue.
B) epithelial layers.
C) blood-forming cells.
D) lymph nodes.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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To obtain nutrients, cancer cells signal the body to produce new blood vessels, a process called


A) enzyme activation.
B) telomerase.
C) angiogenesis.
D) proteasome inhibiting.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Capsaicin has which of the following potential anticancer effects?


A) Neutralizes effect of nitrosamines.
B) Acts as an antioxidant.
C) Blocks effects of estrogen on cell growth.
D) Binds iron reducing free radicals.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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A woman is more likely to develop breast cancer if


A) she had her first child before age 30.
B) her diet is low in monounsaturated fat.
C) her diet is high in vegetables.
D) she is obese.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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