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Exam 17: Nucleic Acids, Protein Synthesis, and Heredity

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Question 1

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Examine the following figure. Fill the blanks with the appropriate: letters (A, B, C, D.....) numbers 3' or 5' name of an amino acid -The amino acid name that should be substituted for X is ________________________.

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Question 2

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Examine the following figure. Fill the blanks with the appropriate: letters (A, B, C, D.....) numbers 3' or 5' name of an amino acid -Y represents the _______________________end and Z the ____________________end of the DNA template.

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Question 3

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Which of the following represents the composition of a nucleotide?

Consider the following segment of a DNA strand. (5´) T-A-G-C-T-G (3´) The letter at the (3´) end of the complementary strand would be "C".

The following summarizes some of the steps in protein synthesis. 1. tRNA leaves ribosome 2. ribosome moves along mRNA 3) tRNA with attached amino acid enter ribosome 4) amino acids linked with peptide bond 5) ribosome binds to mRNA Which of the following places these in the correct order?

The end of a nucleic acid with the phosphate group is designated 3´.

Which of the following is not part of the backbone of DNA?

Which of the following describes the function of tRNA?

Examine the following nucleic acid structure. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate integer (1, 2, 3, 4.....) from the numbers in the figure or to represent a numerical value. -The phosphodiester bond is indicated by the number __________________.

A positively charged protein that binds to DNA is known as a histone.

Christine and Jeff Callahan have just had their first child, a healthy baby girl whom they named Maeve. The day after Maeve is born, the nurse takes a small blood sample from Maeve's heel to test for an elevated concentration of the amino acid phenylalanine in her blood. The nurse tells Christine that this test can detect phenylketonuria (PKU), a disease in which the body cannot convert phenylalanine into tyrosine. Children with untreated PKU have high concentrations of phenylalanine in their blood, causing severe, irreversible mental retardation in the first year of life. Therefore, it is critical that PKU be diagnosed early, so babies with the disease can be fed a diet that contains only the phenylalanine they need to build proteins. 1. In PKU why are there abnormally high concentrations of phenylalanine in the blood? 2. Is it possible for a baby to inherit this disease even if neither parent has PKU? Briefly explain.

Examine the following diagram. -The structure represented by B is the __________________.

A piece of RNA has the following base sequence. AUGCGCGUCCAGUAA What is the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide chain?

Consider the following diagram showing the processing of mRNA. Match the following statements to the appropriate letter (A, B, C,...) in the diagram. -Nucleic acid segment not coding for a protein._____

The following represents the correct pairing of bases in nucleic acids.

Consider the structure given below. Which of the following correctly characterizes this substance?

Which enzyme listed below is responsible for adding activated nucleotides to the primers?

When a thiamine containing nucleotide is added to the growing DNA chain, the required energy is supplied by

How many ATP are expended when 3 molecules of serine undergo the following reaction? Amino Acid + tRNA Aminoacyl-tRNA

Examine the following figure. Fill the blanks with the appropriate: letters (A, B, C, D.....) numbers 3' or 5' name of an amino acid -The three-capital-letter sequence to replace 4 5 6 is __________________________.