Question 1

What is the main form of nitrogen found on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)   N₂
B)   NO
C)   NO₃⁻
D)   NH₄E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Diatoms require silicon due to their

Accepted Answer

A)   Ca²⁺/Si⁴⁺ symporters.
B)   DNA replication mechanism.
C)   ornate frustules.
D)   unique phototrophic physiology.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Marine wetlands (salt marshes)are highly productive coastal ecosystems that produce a lot of organic carbon,similar to freshwater wetlands; however,salt marshes smell very different than freshwater wetlands.What nutrient cycle is different between the two ecosystems that causes this difference in smell?

Accepted Answer

Salt marshes contain a lot more sulfur c...

Question 4

The precipitation of soluble iron ions into solid iron occurs spontaneously in the presence of organic carbon compounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The two major forms of carbon that remain following microbial degradation are

Accepted Answer

A)   methane, organic matter, and fossil fuels.
B)   methane and carbon dioxide.
C)   lignin and fossil fuels.
D)   organic matter and hydrocarbons.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Mercury is NOT used in

Accepted Answer

A)   electronics.
B)   neurotoxins.
C)   pesticides.
D)   paper pulping.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Nitrate (NO₃⁻) reduced into ammonia (NH₃) to produce energy for the cell is called

Accepted Answer

A)   ammonification.
B)   dissimilative reduction of nitrate to ammonia (DRN
A)  .
C)   nitrification.
D)   redox.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

In the natural carbon cycle,carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere by the respiration of animals and chemoorganotrophic microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Frozen methane molecules are called

Accepted Answer

A)   anhydrous methane.
B)   anoxic methane.
C)   methane anhydrates.
D)   methane hydrates.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Nitrogen fixation results in the

Accepted Answer

A)   loss of biologically available N from an ecosystem.
B)   formation of nitrogen gas.
C)   direct formation of nitrate.
D)   addition of biologically available N to an ecosystem.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Calcium is cycled most rapidly in terrestrial environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Most chemolithotrophic bacteria that oxidize sulfur are aerobes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

________ is a term used to describe dead organic matter.

Accepted Answer

A)   Humus
B)   Loam
C)   Pyrite
D)   XenocompostE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Using the sudden bloom of cyanobacteria in a lake due to anthropogenic fertilizer inputs as an example,explain the coupling of carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen cycling.Exclude discussion of all organisms other than microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

An increase in primary producers results...

Question 15

Describe how syntrophy helps explain why certain enrichments yield consortia and never an individual species.

Accepted Answer

Some catabolic processes are favorable o...

Question 16

When dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is aerobically degraded in a marine environment,which product is most often used to support growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   acrylate
B)   dimethyl disulfide
C)   dimethyl sulfoxide
D)   methanethiolE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Phosphorus reservoirs include

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphate minerals in rocks, dissolved phosphates in aquatic environments, and the nucleic acids and phospholipids of living organisms.
B)   mineral phosphonates and the nucleic acids and phospholipids of living organisms.
C)   elemental phosphorus minerals and phosphonates.
D)   elemental phosphorous, polyphosphate, and phosphonates.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Some bacteria have genes that confer resistance to mercury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the largest carbon sink on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)   terrestrial biosphere
B)   rocks and sediments
C)   aquatic biosphere
D)   fossil fuelsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is/are NOT a degradation product of organic material?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon dioxide
B)   methane
C)   oxygen
D)   carbon dioxide, methane, and oxygenE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 20: Nutrient Cycles

Describe how syntrophy helps explain why certain enrichments yield consortia and never an individual species.

Correct Answer
verified
Some catabolic processes are favorable o...
View Answer

Phosphorus reservoirs include

Correct Answer
verified

Nitrogen fixation results in the

Correct Answer
verified

Nitrate (NO₃⁻) reduced into ammonia (NH₃) to produce energy for the cell is called

Correct Answer
verified

________ is a term used to describe dead organic matter.

Correct Answer
verified

Frozen methane molecules are called

Correct Answer
verified

Diatoms require silicon due to their

Correct Answer
verified

Most chemolithotrophic bacteria that oxidize sulfur are aerobes.

Correct Answer
verified

The precipitation of soluble iron ions into solid iron occurs spontaneously in the presence of organic carbon compounds.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the main form of nitrogen found on Earth?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Salt marshes contain a lot more sulfur c...
View Answer

Some bacteria have genes that confer resistance to mercury.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is/are NOT a degradation product of organic material?

Correct Answer
verified

Calcium is cycled most rapidly in terrestrial environments.

Correct Answer
verified

In the natural carbon cycle,carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere by the respiration of animals and chemoorganotrophic microorganisms.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the largest carbon sink on Earth?

Correct Answer
verified

Using the sudden bloom of cyanobacteria in a lake due to anthropogenic fertilizer inputs as an example,explain the coupling of carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen cycling.Exclude discussion of all organisms other than microorganisms.

Correct Answer
verified
An increase in primary producers results...
View Answer

Mercury is NOT used in

Correct Answer
verified

When dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is aerobically degraded in a marine environment,which product is most often used to support growth?

Correct Answer
verified

The two major forms of carbon that remain following microbial degradation are

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 20: Nutrient Cycles

Describe how syntrophy helps explain why certain enrichments yield consortia and never an individual species.

Correct AnswerverifiedSome catabolic processes are favorable o...View AnswerShow Answer

Phosphorus reservoirs include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nitrogen fixation results in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nitrate (NO₃⁻) reduced into ammonia (NH₃) to produce energy for the cell is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is a term used to describe dead organic matter.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frozen methane molecules are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diatoms require silicon due to their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most chemolithotrophic bacteria that oxidize sulfur are aerobes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The precipitation of soluble iron ions into solid iron occurs spontaneously in the presence of organic carbon compounds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main form of nitrogen found on Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedSalt marshes contain a lot more sulfur c...View AnswerShow Answer

Some bacteria have genes that confer resistance to mercury.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is/are NOT a degradation product of organic material?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calcium is cycled most rapidly in terrestrial environments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the natural carbon cycle,carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere by the respiration of animals and chemoorganotrophic microorganisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the largest carbon sink on Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using the sudden bloom of cyanobacteria in a lake due to anthropogenic fertilizer inputs as an example,explain the coupling of carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen cycling.Exclude discussion of all organisms other than microorganisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedAn increase in primary producers results...View AnswerShow Answer

Mercury is NOT used in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is aerobically degraded in a marine environment,which product is most often used to support growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two major forms of carbon that remain following microbial degradation are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Some catabolic processes are favorable o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Salt marshes contain a lot more sulfur c...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
An increase in primary producers results...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified