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Exam 4: Infancy and Toddlerhood: Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development

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Question 41

True/False

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According to the text, the key to developing a more accurate understanding of infants' capabilities is to develop more effective ways of understanding their behavior.

A) True
B) False

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Question 42

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According to the text, most researchers today believe that Piaget's view of infant development was inaccurate in that young children are ______ competent than Piaget believed and they develop _______ than he thought.

A) more; earlier
B) more; later
C) less; earlier
D) less; later

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Question 43

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When Sharma learns to speak, she uses the word "Puffie" to describe not only her own cat (whose name is Puffie) but also every cat she sees, including tigers at the zoo. Sharma's language in this case demonstrates the principle of:

When a child produces a single word, such as bottle, it may mean a variety of things, such as "I want the bottle" or "there's the bottle" or "I like the bottle." This type of usage is referred to as:

If you argued that children all develop according to the same basic, biological schedule, you would be emphasizing the significance of which of the following concepts in guiding development?

Adaptation is much more effective if it consists of accommodation, rather than assimilation.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

By their 2nd birthday, typical toddlers will weigh about 8 times what they weighed at birth.

Suppose that the average weight of a 12-month-old baby is 23 pounds and 80% of 12-month-old babies weigh between 21 and 25 pounds. If the average weight of a 24-month-old baby is 33 pounds, between what weights should you expect 80% of 24-month-old babies to fall?

Newborns focus best on objects at what distance?

Infants who are deaf do not engage in the vocalizations referred to as babbling, making it very difficult for them to learn sign language.

Suppose you visit a child development laboratory and observe a researcher working with an 8-month-old baby. The baby is sitting on top of a piece of Plexiglas, which rests partly over a table top and then extends out over the end of the table. The apparatus being used in this experiment is typically called a:

Generalizing from research conducted by Karen Adolph, if you observed an 8-month-old infant and a 14-month-old infant attempt a somewhat dangerous motor task (such as climbing up a stair) , which of these two infants should you expect to be more cautious and more aware of the risk?

The process of converting information from the environment into neural impulses is called __________; the process of associating meaning with this information is called __________.

Suppose you observe a researcher interacting with an infant by shaking a rattle while the baby is watching, and then placing the rattle underneath a pillow. The researcher then records whether or not the baby can find the rattle under the pillow. The concept this researcher is studying is most likely:

While a carpenter was doing some remodeling in Kate's kitchen, her infant son cried from the hammering noise at first, but stopped responding to the noise after he got used to it. The son's response is best thought of as an example of:

The harm done to babies who are subjected to shaken baby syndrome usually results from injury to the lungs and the kidneys.

Which of the following experiences the least amount of change during the period of infancy and toddlerhood?

To say that a developmental process is heavily influenced by maturation means that it is heavily influenced by environmental circumstances.

A common result found in studies that investigate the effects of long-term malnutrition is that children often exhibit symptoms of __________ and parents often exhibit symptoms of ___________.