Question 1

All are true for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   does hemolytic cleavage of Co3+ -C bond.
B)   vitamin B12-dependent.
C)   classic B12-enzyme catalyzed rearrangement.
D)   produces succinyl-CoA.
E)   all are true.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase is analogous in catalytic activity to what enzyme of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   aconitase
B)   citrate synthase
C)   isocitrate dehydrogenase
D)   α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
E)   malate dehydrogenaseF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

____ carries long-chain fatty acyl groups across the ____ membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)   Biotin; intestinal
B)   Carnitine; plasma
C)   CoA-SH; plasma
D)   Carnitine; inner mitochondrial
E)   TPP; outer mitochondrialF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Discuss the functions of the three enzymes involved in the β-oxidation of odd-carbon fatty acids.​

Accepted Answer

​Propionyl-CoA carboxylase-a biotindepen...

Question 5

The first oxidation in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids is catalyzed by ____ and is the conversion of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; a primary alcohol to an aldehyde.
B)   acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; a carbon-carbon single bond to a carbon-carbon double bond.
C)   acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; a secondary alcohol to a ketone.
D)   β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid.
E)   acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; an aldehyde to a ketone.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Describe the final step in the β-oxidation cycle.​

Accepted Answer

The final step in the β-oxidation cycle ...

Question 7

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events for the conversion of a fatty acid to CO2?

Accepted Answer

A)   carnitine shuttle, activation to acyl CoA, β-oxidation, TCA cycle
B)   activation to acyl CoA, β-oxidation, carnitine shuttle, TCA cycle
C)   activation to acyl CoA, carnitine shuttle, β-oxidation, TCA cycle
D)   TCA cycle, activation to acyl CoA, β-oxidation, carnitine shuttle
E)   TCA cycle, activation to acyl CoA, carnitine shuttle, β-oxidationF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

The sequence for activation of the release of fatty acids from adipose cells is:
A.protein kinase activation
B.cAMP production
C.triacylglycerol lipase activation
D.hormone binding receptor
E.adenylyl cyclase activation
F.Diacylglycerol lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase activity

Accepted Answer

A)   D, E, B, A, C, F
B)   D, B, A, E, F, C
C)   D, B, C, F, A, E
D)   D, B, F, A, C, E
E)   B, F, A, D, E, CF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

The primary storage form of lipid is ____ and it is normally stored in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   phospholipid; liver
B)   cholesterol; muscles
C)   monoacylglycerol; adipocytes
D)   triacylglycerols; adipocytes
E)   triacylglycerols; liverF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The correct sequence for transport of fatty acyl groups from the cytosol to the matrix is:
A.carnitine acyltransferase I
B.tranaslocase of carnitine and O-acylcarnitine
C.carnitine acyltransferase II
D.fatty acyl-CoA synthesis
E.O-acylcarnitine
F.Fatty acyl-CoA in matrix

Accepted Answer

A)   C, B, D, A, F, E
B)   D, B, F, E, A, C
C)   D, E, A, C, B, F
D)   D, A, E, B, C, F
E)   A, D, E, B, C, FF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Ketone bodies are transported to the tissues of utilization:

Accepted Answer

A)   complexed to serum albumin.
B)   incorporated into VLDLs.
C)   complexed to fatty acid binding protein.
D)   freely dissolved in serum.
E)   but require insulin to enter target tissues.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 12

How is the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate synthesized from acetyl-CoA?​

Accepted Answer

The first reaction-the condensation of t...

Question 13

Discuss the significance of the enzyme enoyl-CoA isomerase in the β-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.​

Accepted Answer

The function of enoyl-CoA isomerase can ...

Question 14

The brain normally uses ____ as its source of metabolic energy, but during starvation ____ may be the major source of energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose; ketone bodies
B)   ketone bodies; fatty acids
C)   fatty acids; amino acids
D)   amino acids; glucose
E)   all are trueF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

What are the β-oxidation products of oleic acid (18:1Δ9)  and how many ATP equivalents are required for activation?

Accepted Answer

A)   8 acetyl CoA, 8 NADH, 7 FADH2, 1 ATP equivalent
B)   9 acetyl CoA, 8 NADH, 7 FADH2, 2 ATP equivalents
C)   8 acetyl CoA, 7 NADH, 7 FADH2, 1 ATP equivalent
D)   8 acetyl CoA, 7 NADH, 6 FADH2, 2 ATP equivalents
E)   9 acetyl CoA, 9 NADH, 8 FADH2, 2 ATP equivalentsF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is required by thr 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase enzyeme during the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   NADH
B)   NADPH
C)   FADH2
D)   coenzyme Q (QH2) 
E)   none of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

Where in the cell are fatty acids condensed with coenzyme A to form acyl-CoA for β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondrial matrix
B)   cytoplasm
C)   outer mitochondrial membrane
D)   inner mitochondrial membrane
E)   none of the aboveF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the duodenum by the enzyme ____ that produces ____ and ____ for absorption.

Accepted Answer

A)   acid lipase; diacylglycerols; fatty acids
B)   triacylglycerol lipase; fatty acids; glycerol
C)   triacylglycerol lipase; fatty acids; glycerol.
D)   pancreatic lipase; monoacylglycerols; fatty acids
E)   pancreatic lipase; glycerol; fatty acidsF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

During β-oxidation of certain unsaturated fatty acids, cis-Δ3-fatty acyl-CoAs are formed that must be converted to ____-fatty acyl-CoAs by the enzyme ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   cis-Δ2; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
B)   trans-Δ2; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
C)   trans-Δ2; enoyl-CoA dehydrogenase
D)   trans-Δ3; enoyl-CoA dehydrogenase
E)   trans-Δ2; acyl-CoA isomeraseF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Propionyl-CoA is a product of β-oxidation of ____ and is ultimately converted to the TCA cycle intermediate, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   odd-chain fatty acids; citrate
B)   even-chain fatty acids; isocitrate
C)   odd-chain fatty acids; succinyl-CoA
D)   even-chain fatty acids; succinate
E)   none are trueF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Exam 23: Fatty Acid Catabolism

How is the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate synthesized from acetyl-CoA?​

Correct AnswerverifiedThe first reaction-the condensation of t...View AnswerShow Answer

What are the β-oxidation products of oleic acid (18:1Δ9) and how many ATP equivalents are required for activation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During β-oxidation of certain unsaturated fatty acids, cis-Δ3-fatty acyl-CoAs are formed that must be converted to ____-fatty acyl-CoAs by the enzyme ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All are true for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the functions of the three enzymes involved in the β-oxidation of odd-carbon fatty acids.​

Correct Answerverified​Propionyl-CoA carboxylase-a biotindepen...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events for the conversion of a fatty acid to CO2?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Propionyl-CoA is a product of β-oxidation of ____ and is ultimately converted to the TCA cycle intermediate, ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ carries long-chain fatty acyl groups across the ____ membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain normally uses ____ as its source of metabolic energy, but during starvation ____ may be the major source of energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ketone bodies are transported to the tissues of utilization:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is required by thr 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase enzyeme during the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the final step in the β-oxidation cycle.​

Correct AnswerverifiedThe final step in the β-oxidation cycle ...View AnswerShow Answer

The sequence for activation of the release of fatty acids from adipose cells is: A.protein kinase activation B.cAMP production C.triacylglycerol lipase activation D.hormone binding receptor E.adenylyl cyclase activation F.Diacylglycerol lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase activity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase is analogous in catalytic activity to what enzyme of the citric acid cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where in the cell are fatty acids condensed with coenzyme A to form acyl-CoA for β-oxidation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary storage form of lipid is ____ and it is normally stored in the ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the duodenum by the enzyme ____ that produces ____ and ____ for absorption.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first oxidation in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids is catalyzed by ____ and is the conversion of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the significance of the enzyme enoyl-CoA isomerase in the β-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.​

Correct AnswerverifiedThe function of enoyl-CoA isomerase can ...View AnswerShow Answer

The correct sequence for transport of fatty acyl groups from the cytosol to the matrix is: A.carnitine acyltransferase I B.tranaslocase of carnitine and O-acylcarnitine C.carnitine acyltransferase II D.fatty acyl-CoA synthesis E.O-acylcarnitine F.Fatty acyl-CoA in matrix

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate synthesized from acetyl-CoA?

Correct Answer
verified
The first reaction-the condensation of t...
View Answer

What are the β-oxidation products of oleic acid (18:1Δ⁹) and how many ATP equivalents are required for activation?

Correct Answer
verified

During β-oxidation of certain unsaturated fatty acids, cis-Δ³-fatty acyl-CoAs are formed that must be converted to -fatty acyl-CoAs by the enzyme .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the functions of the three enzymes involved in the β-oxidation of odd-carbon fatty acids.

Correct Answer
verified
Propionyl-CoA carboxylase-a biotindepen...
View Answer

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events for the conversion of a fatty acid to CO₂?

Correct Answer
verified

Propionyl-CoA is a product of β-oxidation of and is ultimately converted to the TCA cycle intermediate, .

Correct Answer
verified

carries long-chain fatty acyl groups across the membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

The brain normally uses as its source of metabolic energy, but during starvation may be the major source of energy.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the final step in the β-oxidation cycle.

Correct Answer
verified
The final step in the β-oxidation cycle ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The primary storage form of lipid is and it is normally stored in the .

Correct Answer
verified

The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the duodenum by the enzyme that produces and for absorption.

Correct Answer
verified

The first oxidation in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids is catalyzed by and is the conversion of .

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the significance of the enzyme enoyl-CoA isomerase in the β-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.

Correct Answer
verified
The function of enoyl-CoA isomerase can ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified